What are transformations of a function?

It's simple, think of a graph that you know how to graph for example.
Straight line

we know this is just a straight line. With transformations we will be able to do the following.

  • Vertical shift up
    • Raise the graph by x units up
  • Vertical shift down
    • Raise the graph by x units down
  • Horizontal shift left
    • Shift the graph left by x units
  • Horizontal shift right
    • Shift the graph right by x units
  • Compressing
  • Stretching
  • Reflection on the x axis
      -
  • Reflection on the y axis

    In that same order this is how it would look like.

transformations example